Cardan Universal Joints

Cardan Universal Joint is a mechanical device used to connect two shafts and transmit power and rotational motion within a certain angle. It is widely used in fields such as automobiles, industrial machinery, aerospace, and is an indispensable component in transmission systems.

The core structure of a Cardan Universal Joint usually includes:

Cross axis: composed of two mutually perpendicular axes, forming a cross shape.
Bearing sleeve: installed at the four ends of the cross shaft to reduce friction.
Connecting fork: fixed on the input shaft and output shaft, connected to the cross shaft.

Working principle: When the input shaft rotates, power is transmitted to the output shaft through the cross shaft. Due to the flexibility of the cross axis, the output shaft can deflect relative to the input shaft within a certain angle range (usually 20 ° -45 °), thereby achieving non-linear transmission.

According to their structure and application scenarios, Cardan Universal Joints can be divided into the following categories:

Single Cardan Universal Joint: composed of a pair of connecting forks and a cross shaft, suitable for transmission with small angles.
Double Cardan Universal Joint: composed of two single Cardan Universal Joints and an intermediate shaft, used for transmissions that require larger angles or longer distances, effectively reducing speed fluctuations.
Constant velocity Cardan Universal Joint: commonly used in automotive drive shafts to ensure that the output shaft speed is consistent with the input shaft, avoiding vibration and noise.
Cage type Cardan Universal Joint: achieves constant speed transmission through spherical raceways and retainers.
Trident Cardan Universal Joint: With a simple structure, it is suitable for light load applications.

Application field

Automotive industry: used for transmission shafts, drive shafts, connecting gearboxes and wheels.
Industrial machinery: such as machine tools and conveying equipment that require flexible transmission.
Aerospace: Aircraft control systems and engine transmission systems.
Ships and railways: propulsion systems and steering mechanisms.

Advantages:

Allow for axial angle deviation to adapt to complex installation conditions.
Simple structure and easy maintenance.
Strong load-bearing capacity, suitable for high-speed rotation.

Disadvantages:

A single Cardan Universal Joint may cause fluctuations in output speed.
Long term use of the rear axle bearing is prone to wear and requires regular lubrication.

Key selection points:

Select the type based on load, speed, and deflection angle.
Consider the working environment (such as temperature, corrosiveness).

Maintenance suggestion:

Regularly check the lubrication condition and replenish lubricating grease in a timely manner.
Monitor vibration and noise, and replace any abnormalities promptly.

As a key component of mechanical transmission, the performance of Cardan Universal Joints directly affects the reliability and efficiency of the entire system. With the advancement of materials science and manufacturing technology, Cardan Universal Joints will develop towards higher efficiency and longer lifespan in the future, providing better transmission solutions for various industries.